Exploring the Antecedents of Urban Female Entrepreneurial Activity: The Moderating Role of Self-efficacy, Family Support, and Financial Literacy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51153/mf.v21.i1.715Keywords:
Female entrepreneurial activity, personality traits, institutional environment, government and NGO’s assistance, self-efficacy, family support, and financial literacy.Abstract
Female entrepreneurs in developed and developing countries contribute significantly in generating household income. Despite this, they have several disadvantages compared to their male counterparts. They have to cope with the cultural and other barriers common in developing countries. Given these, we have developed a conceptual framework with one dependent variable (female entrepreneurship). Four predictors (i.e., Personal traits, institutional environment, government and NGOs assistance, and perceived access to finance) and three moderators (i.e., self-efficacy, family support, and financial literacy). We collected the data using a pre-developed questionnaire adopted from past studies. The target population for this study was female entrepreneurs in urban cities. The study sample size was 325, and we collected data both in person and online. The study used Smart PLS for data analysis. All the articulated hypotheses were approved. We accepted Hypothesis 1:“ Personal support positively affects female entrepreneurial activity. The results support Hypothesis 2:” Institutional environment positively affects female entrepreneurial activity. The results support Hypothesis 3: “Government NGO assistance positively affects female entrepreneurial activity, We accepted Hypothesis 4: “Perceived access to finance positively affects female entrepreneurial activity. The results support Hypothesis 5: “Self-efficacy moderates the relationship between personal traits and female entrepreneurial activity. The results support Hypothesis 6: “Financial support moderates the relationship between personal traits and female entrepreneurial activity. We accepted Hypothesis 7: “Financial literacy moderates the relationship between Government and NGO assistance and female entrepreneurial activity.
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